A staggering 60% of global heart disease incidence is among South Asians, highlighting a genetic predisposition to Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). With India's CAD prevalence at 54.5 million and South Asians facing 3 to 4 times higher risk than Caucasians, the genetic link becomes evident.

South Asian Predisposition:

South Asians, whether residing in the subcontinent or abroad, share a genetic risk for CAD. In the UK, first-generation South Asians exhibit up to a 50% higher risk compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Additionally, South Asians in the US show an increased likelihood of requiring Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG).

Early onset of cardiometabolic risk factors, including hypertension, insulin resistance, and central obesity, contributes to the heightened CAD risk in South Asians. Factors such as visceral fat around the liver and heart, combined with a propensity for diabetes, further elevate the risk.

Genetic Roots:

Genetic research emphasizes that CAD risk isn't attributed to a few isolated genes; rather, multiple genes collectively influence an individual's susceptibility to the condition. The Genome-wide polygenic score for CAD (GPSCAD) predicts an individual's risk based on over 6 million genetic markers linked to the disease. For instance, the Kardiogen genetic test from MedGenome, validated for the South Asian population, provides insights into genetic risk.

Incorporating Genetic Screening:

While lifestyle modifications remain crucial, genetic screening adds a layer of personalized risk assessment. The CAD polygenic risk score aids in predicting high-risk individuals, especially those experiencing a coronary event before 45. Genetic tests, not replacing existing screening methods, offer a comprehensive analysis for early intervention.

Heart Medicines and Holistic Health:

The report underscores the importance of regularly monitoring health indicators such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels. It emphasizes the need for individuals with comorbid conditions like diabetes and hypertension to adhere to recommended regimens to manage their overall CAD risk.

Empowering Prevention:

Despite a genetic predisposition, individuals can take charge of their cardiac health. Lifestyle adjustments, including smoking cessation, regular exercise, and a balanced diet, contribute to lowering CAD risk. Additionally, proactive monitoring of health indicators and genetic screening empowers individuals to make informed decisions for early intervention.

In conclusion, while genetics may contribute to CAD risk, proactive measures, including lifestyle changes and genetic screening, offer a roadmap for personalized prevention. Through a combination of genetic insights and conventional health practices, individuals can navigate their cardiac health journey with informed choices.